Scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery in the world of lithium-ion batteries for electric cars. A new type of cathode material using iron has been developed, which could potentially replace expensive and scarce metals like cobalt and nickel. This development not only promises cheaper and more sustainable batteries but also ones with higher energy densities.
Oregon State University chemistry researcher Xiulei “David” Ji explained that the use of iron, the cheapest metal commodity, in the electrode could offer a higher energy density compared to current cathode materials in electric vehicles. With iron costing less than a dollar per kilogram, a fraction of the cost of nickel and cobalt, the new batteries could be significantly more affordable.
The iron-based cathodes not only address cost concerns but also offer greater safety and sustainability. Current cathodes account for 50 percent of lithium-ion battery cell production costs, making iron-based cathodes a viable alternative. Additionally, utilizing iron, the fourth-most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, ensures a steady supply for future battery production.
The researchers achieved this feat by enhancing the reactivity of iron through a specially designed chemical environment, enabling the reversible conversion of iron powder, lithium fluoride, and lithium phosphate into iron salts. This breakthrough could revolutionize the battery industry by providing more sustainable and cost-effective energy storage solutions.
The study detailing this discovery was published in the journal Science Advances, marking a significant step towards a greener and more affordable future for electric vehicles. With the potential to revolutionize the industry, iron-based cathodes offer a glimpse into a more sustainable and cost-effective future for renewable energy storage.
